SARFAESI

What is Possession Notice?

A Possession Notice under Section 13(4) of the SARFAESI Act is issued by the bank after the 60-day demand notice period expires without payment. It states the secured asset has been taken into possession — symbolic at first — and warns the borrower not to deal with it.

MeaningA Possession Notice under Section 13(4) of the SARFAESI Act is issued by the bank after the 60-day demand notice period expires without payment. It states the secured asset has been taken into possession — symbolic at first — and warns the borrower not to deal with it.
CategorySARFAESI
Related LawsSARFAESI 2002, Section 13(4); Security Interest Rules 2002
Who Uses ItBorrowers, secured creditors, registry offices
Why It MattersPublic notice; impacts saleability of the property.
Detailed explanation

Possession Notice explained in plain English

A practitioner's view written for borrowers and advisors — not a textbook definition.

A Possession Notice under Section 13(4) of the SARFAESI Act is issued by the bank after the 60-day demand notice period expires without payment. It states the secured asset has been taken into possession — symbolic at first — and warns the borrower not to deal with it.

In practice, Possession Notice is used most often by borrowers, secured creditors, registry offices. Each of them sees the term from a slightly different angle: borrowers care about protection and outcomes, lenders care about classification and recovery, regulators care about consistency and disclosure.

The legal anchor for Possession Notice is SARFAESI 2002, Section 13(4); Security Interest Rules 2002. RBI master directions, the SARFAESI Act 2002, the RDB Act 1993 and the IBC 2016 commonly interplay, depending on the loan size, security and stage of stress.

Why does it matter? Public notice; impacts saleability of the property. For a stressed borrower, getting this concept right early often saves several months of penal interest, legal cost and credit-score damage.

A real example: Bank publishes possession notice for a mortgaged factory after 60-day default. The mechanics may look complex, but the underlying logic — the bank wants closure, the borrower wants a fair outcome — is straightforward once the right framework is in place.

If you are facing a situation involving Possession Notice, the safest first step is a structured case review with a senior ex-banker who has handled comparable matters across banks and ARCs in India.

Where it is used

Where you'll encounter Possession Notice

With borrowers and guarantors

Whenever a loan moves from "Standard" to "stressed", Possession Notice is one of the words that starts appearing in notices, bank emails and lawyers' opinions.

Inside banks and NBFCs

Sanctioning committees, recovery teams and risk officers use Possession Notice to classify accounts, decide provisioning and approve resolution paths.

Before DRT, NCLT and High Courts

Possession Notice appears in pleadings, securitisation applications, OAs, Section 7/9 petitions and SARFAESI writs as part of the dispute record.

In ARC and investor transactions

When stressed loans are sold to ARCs or special-situations investors, Possession Notice is used in term sheets, assignment agreements and due-diligence reports.

Real example

A practical illustration of Possession Notice

Bank publishes possession notice for a mortgaged factory after 60-day default.
Note: The example is illustrative. Every case is fact-specific — actual outcomes depend on security cover, ageing of NPA, sanctioning level and the quality of documentation.
FAQs

Frequently asked questions about Possession Notice

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Last reviewed by NPAExperts Advisory on 27 Jun 2026

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