DRT

What is Garnishee Order?

A Garnishee Order is an order directing a third party — typically a bank holding the judgment debtor's funds, or a tenant paying rent — to pay over the money to the decree-holder instead of to the judgment debtor. Common in DRT and Recovery Officer proceedings.

MeaningA Garnishee Order is an order directing a third party — typically a bank holding the judgment debtor's funds, or a tenant paying rent — to pay over the money to the decree-holder instead of to the judgment debtor. Common in DRT and Recovery Officer proceedings.
CategoryDRT
Related LawsCPC Order XXI Rule 46; Income Tax Schedule II
Who Uses ItRecovery Officer, banks, third parties
Why It MattersQuick way to attach known cash flows.
Detailed explanation

Garnishee Order explained in plain English

A practitioner's view written for borrowers and advisors — not a textbook definition.

A Garnishee Order is an order directing a third party — typically a bank holding the judgment debtor's funds, or a tenant paying rent — to pay over the money to the decree-holder instead of to the judgment debtor. Common in DRT and Recovery Officer proceedings.

In practice, Garnishee Order is used most often by recovery officer, banks, third parties. Each of them sees the term from a slightly different angle: borrowers care about protection and outcomes, lenders care about classification and recovery, regulators care about consistency and disclosure.

The legal anchor for Garnishee Order is CPC Order XXI Rule 46; Income Tax Schedule II. RBI master directions, the SARFAESI Act 2002, the RDB Act 1993 and the IBC 2016 commonly interplay, depending on the loan size, security and stage of stress.

Why does it matter? Quick way to attach known cash flows. For a stressed borrower, getting this concept right early often saves several months of penal interest, legal cost and credit-score damage.

A real example: Recovery Officer issues garnishee order on the borrower's salary account. The mechanics may look complex, but the underlying logic — the bank wants closure, the borrower wants a fair outcome — is straightforward once the right framework is in place.

If you are facing a situation involving Garnishee Order, the safest first step is a structured case review with a senior ex-banker who has handled comparable matters across banks and ARCs in India.

Where it is used

Where you'll encounter Garnishee Order

With borrowers and guarantors

Whenever a loan moves from "Standard" to "stressed", Garnishee Order is one of the words that starts appearing in notices, bank emails and lawyers' opinions.

Inside banks and NBFCs

Sanctioning committees, recovery teams and risk officers use Garnishee Order to classify accounts, decide provisioning and approve resolution paths.

Before DRT, NCLT and High Courts

Garnishee Order appears in pleadings, securitisation applications, OAs, Section 7/9 petitions and SARFAESI writs as part of the dispute record.

In ARC and investor transactions

When stressed loans are sold to ARCs or special-situations investors, Garnishee Order is used in term sheets, assignment agreements and due-diligence reports.

Real example

A practical illustration of Garnishee Order

Recovery Officer issues garnishee order on the borrower's salary account.
Note: The example is illustrative. Every case is fact-specific — actual outcomes depend on security cover, ageing of NPA, sanctioning level and the quality of documentation.
FAQs

Frequently asked questions about Garnishee Order

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Last reviewed by NPAExperts Advisory on 27 Jun 2026

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